Abstract：Over a decade, the Chinese government has attached great importance to the conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture(PGRFA). According to 20 priority fields described in the Glob - al Plan of Action for the Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture(GPA), the Chinese government has formulated and perfected a series of regulations and laws and has strengthened the management for plant genetic resources. Through training and popularization of scientific knowledge related to genetic resources, the public awareness has been promoted. Through the international cooperation and establishment of collaborative networks, it has promoted the exchanges of information, scientists and materials. Through the implementation of various national programs and projects, the conservation system for plant genetic resources has been established and improved gradually to achieve the objectives of safe conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources, which has played a great role in plant breeding and food security in both China and the world．

Key words: Plant genetic resources; Diversity; In situ management; Ex situ management